A paper titled “Evaluating Risky Driving Behavior Using a Naturalistic Driving Dataset: A Hybrid Modelling Approach” authored by Elena Maria Theodoraki, Thodoris Garefalakis, Eva Michelaraki and George Yannis has been published in Infrastructures. This Paper develops and evaluates three hybrid machine learning models: (i) Deep Neural Network–Random Forest (DNN-RF), (ii) Convolutional Neural Network–Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM), and (iii) Recurrent Neural Network–AdaBoost (RNN-AdaBoost), to classify risky driving behavior into three safety levels using naturalistic driving data from Belgium and the UK. The dataset includes 69 drivers, 15,389 trips, and 265,512 min of driving data. Furthermore, feature importance analysis identified harsh acceleration and braking as the most critical factors in Belgium, while total trip distance and harsh acceleration were predominant in the UK. The findings support the potential of hybrid deep learning models in improving road safety by accurately detecting risky driving behaviors. These insights can inform targeted interventions and driver assistance technologies to mitigate crash risks and promote safer driving practices. doi pdf5