The objective of this research is to investigate the factors influencing violations in bus lanes in Athens using data from on-site measurements. Specifically, the degree to which the characteristics recorded from on-site measurements and road geometric characteristics interact with each other and determine the violations in Athens’ bus lanes was examined. To achieve the above objective, measurements were carried out on most major roads in Athens that contain bus lanes. Specifically, measurements were conducted in two periods: May and June 2021 and November 2023. The collected data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet that included all elements during the hours of measurement and the type of violation. Results from the two models revealed some interesting findings. The constants (intercepts) of the two models indicate baseline delinquency when all other variables are zero. The value of the constant in both models is negative, indicating low baseline offending. Furthermore, the number of lanes has a positive effect on offending in both models. This implies that more lanes are associated with increased delinquency, probably due to more traffic and increased opportunities for violations. Route length also shows a positive correlation with offending. Longer routes are associated with higher offending, probably due to increased chances of offences at longer distances. The type of vehicle plays an important role in offending. Cars and taxis have higher offending rates compared to vans, indicating that drivers of these vehicles are more likely to break traffic rules. Finally, time of day affects offending. Violations are higher in the morning, probably due to the rush and increased traffic at that time. The overall conclusions from the 2021 and 2023 analyses of Athens’ bus lanes highlight important trends and needs. The decrease in violations from 2021 to 2023 suggests that efforts to improve surveillance and driver awareness have had positive results. However, taxis are still an important category of offenders, indicating the need for targeted interventions in this vehicle category. Despite the improvement, infringements remain a problem, suggesting the need for continuous improvement in enforcement, enforcement of rules and information to drivers. These analyses provide a basis for understanding the trends in offending on Athens’ bus lanes and highlight the need for continuous efforts to improve traffic conditions and road safety.
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