Over the last two decades, digital technologies are constantly developed and new sciences have been arisen such as Open Science. The objective of this study is to identify the challenges, opportunities and barriers of Open Science in transport research. On that purpose a Delphi survey was conducted for research community, industry and public authorities. The survey was held in two rounds aiming to achieve more robust results: in the first round, a questionnaire of 30 questions was disseminated to a panel of transport experts. The responses of the first round were collected and analysed. In the second round of the survey, the experts were asked to provide their final responses, by either confirming or adjusting their answers given in the first round. Based on the results of the Delphi survey, Open Science is considered as a key contributor in the advancement of transport research.