The objective of this Diploma Thesis is the correlation of road fatalities in the countries of the European Union with social and economic indicators. For this correlation a database was developed containing the most recent data regarding population, road fatalities, gross domestic product per capita, human development index, unemployment rate and several other economic and social indicators for the twenty eight members of the European Union. Consequently models were developed using the method of multiple linear regression and were applied for all countries tested and also for the different groups of countries that were selected (northwestern, eastern, southern countries). The analysis showed that the Human Development Index has the most important impact than any other parameter and its increase leads to road fatalities decrease.