The problem of road accidents is one of the most critical in Greece and internationally as it is the cause of death worldwide for more than 1.2 million people a year. The aim of this Ph.D. thesis is the spatial and temporal analysis of high-definition road safety and traffic behavior to create knowledge and support for decisions in the field of road safety in Greece and internationally. For this purpose, high-definition data from driver runs will be collected for the first time and supplemented with traffic data, accidents and road geometry. Through spatial and temporal analysis, traffic events (harsh brakes / accelerations) will be captured to investigate their spatial and temporal distribution on the routes under consideration and their change in the critical sections of the roads. Large-scale data engineering techniques will explore a number of mathematical relationships between risk factors and road safety incidents and develop the corresponding advanced statistical standards. The final synthesis of the research will focus on exploring the possibility of transferring and generalizing results and methodologies in other cases.